Oleh: Leo Yulyardi
Sistem penilain di Jerman menggunakan 5 angka (ada beberapa yang 6) dimana nilai paling bagus adalah 1 dan nilai yang paling jelek adalah 5, untuk mengevaluasi performa pelajarnya:
- 1 yang artinya sehr gut atau sangat baik, adalah nilai tertinggi yang bisa diraih dan dikategorikan sebagai ruarrrr biasa
- 2 yang artinya gut atau baik adalah yang tertinggi kedua yang diatas rata-rata dan juga memenuhi standar minimum
- 3 yang artinya befriedigend atau peforma rata-rata atau standar aja
- 4 yang artinya ausreichend atau cukup adalah nilai paling jelek yang bisa didapat tapi tetap lulus subject tersebut
- 5 yang artinya mangelhaft yang jelas artinya setelah nomor 4, gagal atau wajib ngulang
Terkadang yang banyak orang bingung adalah bagaimana konversi nilai ijazah kita kalo kita mau S2 di Jerman tapi S1 nya dari Indonesia negara lain yang mempunyai sistem penilaian skala 4 dimana 1 adalah terburuk dan 4 adalah terbaik yang bisa didapat? Ada berbagai macam metoda konversi menurut berbagai macam sumber yang mulai dari sangat mengeneralisir sampai dengan yang spesifik berlaku di universitas.
Berikut ini adalah salah satu sistem konversi nilai menurut www.wes.org,
Kalo kita liat sistem penilaian diatas, kita bisa dengan mudah nebak bahwa IPK 3 sistem di Indonesia ataupun negara lain yang make sistem dengan skala 4, itu sama dengan 2.5. Tapi sistem konversi penilaian ini sangat mengeneralisir dan gak ngasih gambaran yang lebih exact kalau ada nilai didalam rentang tersebut.
Universitas di Indonesia, yang saya tau UGM memberikan equivalensi nilai seperti dibawah ini:
|
No |
Nilai | MM UGM |
|
1 |
1,0 s/d 1,5 |
A |
|
2 |
1,6 s/d 2,3 |
A- |
|
3 |
2,4 s/d 2,9 |
B+ |
|
4 |
3,0 s/d 3,5 |
B |
| 5 | 3,6 s/d 4,0 |
C |
| 6 | 4,1 s/d 5,0 |
gagal |
Sumber : www.mmugm.ac.id
Equivalensi nilai tersebut adalah konversi nilai dari Universitas di Indonesia. Jadi kita bisa sedikitnya yakin, kalo nilai kita di Jerman itu setara atau ‘dihargai’ berapa oleh univ di Indonesia. Cukup baik konversinya, malah kebaikan..hehe..
Sebagai penerima beasiswa LPDP, pada akhir studi kita harus memberikan transcriipt kita dengan nilai yang penyetaraanya dilakukan oleh http://www.foreigncredits.com/Resources/Grade-Conversion/ . Teman saya yang udah lulus diminta penyetaraan nilainya oleh LPDP dengan website ini. Berikut tampilan hasil penyetaraandengan sistem pada website tersebut:
Untuk sistem konversi nilai dari Indonesia untuk diakui ke sistem Jerman, kalo di univ tempat saya belajar, RWTH Aachen, saya taunya mereka pakai konversi dengan rumus bavaria. Kabarnya hampir semua univ di negara bagian NRW dan Bavaria memakai sistem ini, dan juga banyak digunakan di negara bagian lain di Jerman.
Rumusnya adalah:
Dimana Nmax adalah nilai maximum yang kita bisa raih di sistem kita, Nd adalah nilai rata-rata kita yang mau dikonversi, Nmin adalah nilai minimum yang masih lulus dalam sistem nilai kita. Untuk sistem di Indonesia, Nmax itu sama dengan 4 dan Nmin adalah 2. Jadi kalo kita mau IPK kita yang contohnya nilainya 3, maka dalam sistem Jerman nilai itu adalah 2.5. Untuk lanjut S2 di Jerman biasanya mereka minta standar minimalnya adalah 2.5. Banyak beasiswa yang menyaratkan agar kita mempunyai IPK minimal 3 untuk lanjut S2 dan IPK minimal 3.25 untuk lanjut S3. Nah kalo lembaga beasiswanya itu dari Indonesia dan nilai S1 atau S2 kita dari Jerman biasanya mereka akan mengacu ke sistem konversi yang lazim dipake di Indonesia seperti 3 sistem konversi yang sebelumnya. Tapi kalo kita mau lanjut ke jerman dan nilai kita dalam sistem skala 4 seperti di Indonesia, Univ di Jerman biasanya akan make rumus Bavaria ini untuk mengkonversinya.
Kesimpulannya, kalo mau apply ke Univ di Jerman dengan nilai dari Univ di Indonesia dan ingin tau equivalensi nilai, rumus Bavaria saya rasa jauh lebih realistis. Tapi kalo mau menyetarakan nilai dari Univ di Jerman ke sistem nilai di Indonesia, tiga sistem konversi di awal tadi lebih lazim dipakai dan tentunya lebih ‘menguntungkan’ si pemegang nilai dari Jerman.
Nah sekedar perbandingan nilai di Jerman dengan negara lain, ada juga yang menyarankan menggunakan sistem konversi seperti dibawah ini:
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